...
...
\98\ ``Uyghur Grandfather Detained,'' Radio Free Asia (Online), 30
October 09; ``Arzigul Tursun's Dad, Tursunjan Hesen, Is Arrested''
[Arzigul tursunning dadisi tursunjan hesen qolgha elinghan], Radio Free
Asia (Online), 29 October 09. For more information on Arzigul Tursun,
see ``Authorities Cancel Plans To Subject Uyghur Woman to Forced
Abortion (Update),'' CECC China Human Rights and Rule of Law Update,
November 2008, 3; ``New Son for Uyghur Woman,'' Radio Free Asia
(Online), 13 February 09.
\99\ ``Arzigul Tursun's Dad, Tursunjan Hesen, Is Arrested''
[Arzigul tursunning dadisi tursunjan hesen qolgha elinghan], Radio Free
Asia (Online), 29 October 09; ``Uyghur Grandfather Detained,'' Radio
Free Asia (Online), 30 October 09.
\100\ Kelly Chan, ``Urumqi Acts Against Migrants,'' South China
Morning Post, 10 August 09 (Open Source Center, 10 August 09);
``Xinjiang To Clean Up and Reorganize Disorderly Flow of Floating
Population'' [Xinjiang jiang qingli zhengdun liudong renkou wuxu
liudong], Xinhua, reprinted in People's Daily (Online), 9 August 09.
\101\ ``Xinjiang To Clean Up and Reorganize Disorderly Flow of
Floating Population'' [Xinjiang jiang qingli zhengdun liudong renkou
wuxu liudong], Xinhua, reprinted in People's Daily (Online), 9 August
09.
\102\ ``Shuimogou District, Urumqi, Implements Three Grades of
Control on Housing Rentals'' [Wulumuqi shi shui qu fangwu chuzu shixing
sanji guanli], Xinhua (Online), 2 December 09.
\103\ See generally Urumqi Municipality Regulation on the
Management of Room Rentals [Wulumuqi shi fangwu zulin guanli tiaoli],
adopted 23 April 10, issued 10 June 10, effective 1 July 10.
\104\ ``Urumqi Puts Forth Regulation To Standardize Management of
Rental Housing'' [Wulumuqi chutai fagui guifan fangwu zulin guanli],
Tianshan Net (Online), 26 April 10.
\105\ Compare the most recent version of the Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region Regulation on the Comprehensive Management of Social
Order [Xinjiang weiwu'er zizhiqu shehui zhi'an zonghe zhili tiaoli],
issued 21 January 94, amended 11 December 97 and 29 December 09,
effective 1 February 10, arts. 5(7), 14, 19, 36 to the 1997 version of
the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Regulation on the Comprehensive
Management of Social Order [Xinjiang weiwu'er zizhiqu shehui zhi'an
zonghe zhili tiaoli], issued 21 January 94, amended 11 December 97,
effective 11 December 97, art. 29. For a comparison between the XUAR
regulation and other provincial-level regulations, see ``Revised
Regulation From Xinjiang Places New Emphasis on State Security,'' CECC
China Human Rights and Rule of Law Update, No. 3, 16 March 10, 2.
\106\ ``Slum, Shanty Towns To Be Removed From Urumqi,'' Xinhua
(Online), 11 July 10.
\107\ ``Heijiashan, Urumqi, Realizes Total Coverage in Management
of Floating Population'' [Wulumuqi heijiashan shixian quan fugai guanli
liudong renkou], Tianshan Net (Online), 6 July 10; Mao Yong,
``Rectification Activities in Areas Heavily Hit in Urumqi `7-5'
Incident, Over 900 `Uninvited Tenants' Advised To Leave'' [Wu shi `7-5'
shijian zhong zaiqu zhengzhi quan li 900 yu ming `busu fangke'], Xinhua
(Online), 23 November 09.
\108\ ``Slum, Shanty Towns To Be Removed From Urumqi,'' Xinhua
(Online), 11 July 10.
\109\ Autonomous Region Party Committee, Autonomous Region People's
Government Opinion Concerning Employment Promotion Work [Zizhiqu
dangwei, zizhiqu renmin zhengfu guanyu cujin jiuye gongzuo de yijian],
issued 11 September 09, art. 2(2).
\110\ Ibid.
\111\ Ibid., art. 1(5).
\112\ National Bureau of Statistics of China (Online), ``Communique
of Main Data for Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region From 2005 National 1
Percent Population Sampling'' [Xinjiang weiwu'er zizhiqu 2005 nian
quanguo 1% renkou chouyang diaocha zhuyao shuju gongbao], 20 March 06.
\113\ Autonomous Region Party Committee, Autonomous Region People's
Government Opinion Concerning Employment Promotion Work [Zizhiqu
dangwei, zizhiqu renmin zhengfu guanyu cujin jiuye gongzuo de yijian],
issued 11 September 09, art. 2(2). See also descriptions of the opinion
in, e.g., Zhang Xinyu and Liu Yuexian, `` `Autonomous Region Party
Committee, People's Government Opinion Concerning Employment Promotion
Work' Put Into Effect in October'' [``Zizhiqu dangwei, renmin zhengfu
guanyu cujin jiuye gongzuo de yijian'' 10 yue shishi], Xinjiang Daily,
reprinted in Xinjiang Economic Net (Online), 24 September 09; ``China's
Xinjiang Orders Businesses To Recruit More Locals,'' Xinhua, reprinted
in People's Daily (Online), 24 September 09.
\114\ See references to adhering to the opinion, which do not
include reference to taking steps to promote hiring of ethnic
minorities, at, e.g., ``Baicheng County Vigorously Implements Activity
for `Year for All the People To Undertake Pioneering Work' '' [Baicheng
xian dali shishi ``quanmin chuangye nian'' huodong], Tianshan Net
(Online), 23 February 10; ``Xinjiang's Kashgar District Urgently
Requires 50,000 Construction Workers From Interior This Year''
[Xinjiang kashi diqu jinnian jixu neidi wu wan ming jianzhu gongren],
China News Service, reprinted in Xinjiang News Service (Online), 8
March 10.
\115\ See, e.g., Bingtuan Personnel Testing Authority,
``Introduction to General Situation for 2010 Xinjiang Production and
Construction Corps Public Recruitment of Civil Servants'' [2010 nian
bingtuan mianxiang shehui zhaolu gongwuyuan zongti qingkuang jieshao],
reprinted in Huatu Education (Online), 15 May 10; Xinjiang PetroChina
Pipe Engineering Co., Ltd., ``Ordinary Workers, Description and
Qualifications for Positions'' [Pugong zhiwei miaoshu ji yaoqiu],
Internet Recruiting Association (Online), 11 August 10. Also see
analysis in ``Discriminatory Job Hiring Practices Continue in
Xinjiang,'' CECC China Human Rights and Rule of Law Update, No. 8, 2010
(forthcoming). For reports from past years, see, e.g., CECC, 2007
Annual Report, 10 October 07, 107; CECC, 2009 Annual Report, 10 October
09, 264.
\116\ See analysis in ``Discriminatory Job Hiring Practices
Continue in Xinjiang,'' CECC China Human Rights and Rule of Law Update,
No. 8, 2010 (forthcoming). See also Bingtuan Personnel Testing
Authority, ``Introduction to General Situation for 2010 Xinjiang
Production and Construction Corps Public Recruitment of Civil
Servants'' [2010 nian bingtuan mianxiang shehui zhaolu gongwuyuan
zongti qingkuang jieshao], reprinted in Huatu Education (Online), 15
May 10.
\117\ For detailed information on the program and reports from
previous years on the use of coercion to gain participation and on
exploitative working conditions, see CECC, 2009 Annual Report, 10
October 09, 264-266. For a report from the past year, see Choi Chi-Yuk
and Ng Tze-Wei, ``Broken Promises, Broken Dreams for Migrant Workers in
Guangdong,'' South China Morning Post, 30 December 09 (Open Source
Center, 30 December 09). For information on the program as described in
official Chinese sources, see, e.g., State Council Information Office,
White Paper on Development and Progress in Xinjiang, 21 September 09;
``Urumqi July 5 Incident Will Not Influence Xinjiang's Labor Export
Policy'' [Wulumuqi ``7-5'' shijian buyingxiang xinjiang laowu shuchu
zhengce], China News Service (Online), 10 July 09.
\118\ See, e.g., A.S. Bhalla and Shufang Qiu, Poverty and
Inequality Among Chinese Minorities (London: Routledge, 2006), 139;
James A. Millward, ``Introduction: Does the 2009 Urumchi Violence Mark
a Turning Point? '' 28 Central Asian Survey No. 4, 347, 349 (2009).
\119\ ``Nu'er Bekri Refutes the Allegation That Women of Uyghur
Ethnic Group `Are Forced To Work in the Interior of the Country,' ''
Xinhua, 18 July 09 (Open Source Center, 20 July 09).
\120\ A description of the Guangdong program as government
sponsored is in Liang Qiwen, ``Rape Rumor Led to Brawl, 2 Killed,''
China Daily (Online), 30 June 09. For additional information, see
``Xinjiang Authorities Forcefully Suppress Demonstration, Restrict Free
Flow of Information,'' CECC China Human Rights and Rule of Law Update,
No. 4, 2009, 2.
\121\ ``Urumqi `7-5' Incident Will Not Influence Xinjiang's Labor
Export Policy'' [Wulumuqi ``7-5'' shijian buyingxiang xinjiang laowu
shuchu zhengce], China News Service (Online), 10 July 09; ``Resolutely
Drive Ahead With Projects for the People's Livelihood for On-the-Spot
Labor Transfers and Employment in the Interior'' [Jiandingbuyi tuijin
jiudi zhuanyi he neidi jiuye zhe xiang minsheng gongsheng], Xinjiang
Daily, reprinted in Xinhua (Online), 30 July 09.
\122\ ``Isolated Xinjiang Ethnic Minority Rural Workers March
Toward Openness'' [Xinjiang shaoshu minzu nongmin'gong cong fengbi
maixiang kaifang], Xinhua, reprinted in China Ethnicities News
(Online), 25 January 10.
\123\ ``Urumqi `7-5' Incident Will Not Influence Xinjiang's Labor
Export Policy'' [Wulumuqi ``7-5'' shijian buyingxiang xinjiang laowu
shuchu zhengce], China News Service (Online), 10 July 09.
\124\ The XUAR Human Resources and Social Security Department
replaced the XUAR Labor and Social Security Department. ``Xinjiang
Uyghur Autonomous Region Human Resources and Social Security Department
Hangs Out Its Shingle'' [Xinjiang weiwu'er zizhiqu renli ziyuan he
shehui baozhang ting guapai], Tianshan Net (Online), 23 June 09.
\125\ ``Isolated Xinjiang Ethnic Minority Rural Workers March
Toward Openness'' [Xinjiang shaoshu minzu nongmingong cong fengbi
maixiang kaifang], Xinhua, reprinted in China Ethnicities News
(Online), 25 January 10.
\126\ Liu Shihe, ``Qaba County: Earned Income From Transfer of
Surplus Woman Labor Force Exceeds Ten Million Yuan'' [Habahe xian: funu
fuyu laodongli zhuanyi chuangshou chao qianwan yuan], Xinhua (Online),
19 November 09.
\127\ Zhao Jun, ``69 Girls From Peyziwat Go to Zhejiang To Work''
[Jiashi 69 ming guniang fu zhejiang wugong], Tianshan Net, reprinted in
China Xinjiang (Online), 31 January 10.
\128\ For general developments from the past year and background on
the project, see ``Chinese Media Reports on Continued Demolition in
Kashgar, Resettlement Numbers Vary,'' CECC China Human Rights and Rule
of Law Update, No. 2, 5 February 10, 3, and ``Demolition of Kashgar's
Old City Draws Concerns Over Cultural Heritage Protection, Population
Resettlement,'' CECC China Human Rights and Rule of Law Update, No. 3,
2009, 2.
\129\ Abulimiti Suopiaji, ``Reconstruction of Kashgar's Old City
Achieves Zero Petitions to Higher Authorities'' [Kashi shi laocheng qu
gaizao shixian ling shangfang], Xinjiang Daily, reprinted in Xinhua
(Online), 4 March 10. For analysis of this development, see ``Kashgar
Authorities Announce `Zero Tolerance' for Petitioning Higher Level
Authorities About Old City Demolition,'' CECC China Human Rights and
Rule of Law Update, No. 4, 21 April 10, 2.
\130\ Abulimiti Suopiaji, ``Reconstruction of Kashgar's Old City
Achieves Zero Petitions to Higher Authorities'' [Kashi shi laocheng qu
gaizao shixian ling shangfang], Xinjiang Daily, reprinted in Xinhua
(Online), 4 March 10.
\131\ Ibid.
\132\ Zhu Mingjun, ``Kashgar Makes Files of Historic Architecture,
Excavates and Protects Traditional Local Cultural Buildings'' [Kashi
shi wei lishi jianzhu jiandang wajue baohu chuantong wenhua de minjian
jianzhu], Xinjiang Daily, reprinted in Xinhua (Online), 1 November 09.
\133\ See, e.g., Kashgar District Government (Online), ``District
Launches Meeting To Report on the Comprehensive Administration of
Kashgar Old City'' [Diqu zhaokai kashi shi laocheng qu zonghe zhili
xiangmu huibaohui], 13 August 09; Michael Wines, ``To Protect an
Ancient City, China Moves To Raze It,'' New York Times (Online), 27 May
09. See analysis in ``Demolition of Kashgar's Old City Draws Concerns
Over Cultural Heritage Protection, Population Resettlement,'' CECC
China Human Rights and Rule of Law Update, No. 3, 2009, 2.
\134\ For assessments of the area's cultural heritage, see, e.g.,
``Demolition of Kashgar's Old City Draws Concerns Over Cultural
Heritage Protection, Population Resettlement,'' CECC China Human Rights
and Rule of Law Update, No. 3, 2009, 2. For information on subsequent
demolitions of historic property, see ``Xanliq Madrassa--Level-One
Protected Cultural Relic in Kashgar--Is Destroyed'' [Qeshqerde 1-
derijilik qoghdilidighan medeniy yadikarliq--xanliq medrisi
cheqiwetildi], Radio Free Asia (Online), 17 June 09; Ng Tze-wei,
``Uygurs Decry `Reconstruction Project' Set To Change the Face of Old
Town in Kashgar,'' South China Morning Post (Online), 30 December 09.
\135\ See, e.g., ``Kashgar, Xinjiang, Old City Reconstruction
Completely Conforms to International Practice'' [Xinjiang kashi
laocheng qu gaizao wanquan fuhe guoji guanli], China News Service,
reprinted in Xinjiang News Service (Online), 8 March 10; Kathleen E.
McLaughlin, ``Unesco, China and a Uighur Mystery,'' Global Post
(Online), 13 January 10.
\136\ Kathleen E. McLaughlin, ``Unesco, China and a Uighur
Mystery,'' Global Post (Online), 13 January 10.
\137\ See past examples in CECC, 2008 Annual Report, 31 October 08,
176; CECC, 2009 Annual Report, 10 October 09, 261-262. See also cases
cited in Amnesty International (Online), ``Open Letter on Uighur Asylum
Seekers in Cambodia,'' 16 December 09.
\138\ See, e.g., Sebastian Strangio, ``Uighurs' Fate Seen as Stain
on Kingdom,'' Phnom Penh Post (Online), 21 December 09 (reporting three
children among those deported, ages not provided); World Uyghur
Congress (Online), ``World Uyghur Congress `Outraged' by Cambodia's
Return of Uyghurs to China,'' 22 December 09 (noting the group included
a one-year-old infant and a six-month-old infant); Frank Brennan,
``Uighurs Failed by Cambodia's Sham Refugee Law,'' Eureka Street
(Online), 3 March 10 (citing information from the Jesuit Refugee
Service, which assisted the Uyghurs in Cambodia, and noting that two
infants were in the group).
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